A study of heuristic combinations for hyper-heuristic systems for the uncapacitated examination timetabling problem

Research in the domain of examination timetabling is moving towards developing methods that generalise well over a range of problems. This is achieved by implementing hyper-heuristic systems to find the best heuristic or heuristic combination to allocate examinations when constructing a timetable for a problem. Heuristic combinations usually take the form of a list of low-level heuristics that are applied sequentially. This study proposes an alternative representation for heuristic combinations, namely, a hierarchical combination of heuristics. Furthermore, the heuristics in each combination are applied simultaneously rather than sequentially. The study also introduces a new low-level heuristic, namely, highest cost. A set of heuristic combinations of this format have been tested on the 13 Carter benchmarks. The quality of the examination timetables induced using these combinations are comparable to, and in some cases better than, those produced by hyper-heuristic systems combining and applying heuristic combinations sequentially. 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.